Soil & Water Res., X:X | DOI: 10.17221/58/2026-SWR

Influence of long-term fertilisation on soil manganese availability in Haplic Luvisol under 22-year maize monocultureOriginal Paper

Sarfo Kwaku Obeng, Martin Kulhánek ORCID..., Jindřich Černý ORCID..., Jiří Balík ORCID..., Ondřej Sedlář ORCID...
Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic


This study evaluated the long-term effects of mineral and organic fertilisation on Mn dynamics during 22 years of maize monoculture cultivated on silty loam Haplic Luvisol in the Czech Republic. Nine fertilisation treatments, including unfertilized control, mineral fertilisers, and organic amendments, were evaluated. Soil analyses included pH and contents of readily available Mn (MnH2O), potentially available Mn (MnM3), and pseudo-total Mn (MnAR). Long-term ammonium-based fertilisation significantly decreased soil pH, with the strongest acidification observed under ammonium sulphate, where pH declined from 6.20 to 4.69. Across most treatments, MnH2O gradually decreased over time, indicating depletion of labile Mn pools under continuous monoculture. In contrast, ammonium sulphate maintained the highest MnH2O contents. Potentially available MnM3 showed higher stability than MnH2O, with the highest values recorded under farmyard manure and cattle slurry treatments, suggesting stabilisation of Mn through organic matter inputs. MnAR exhibited only minor temporal variability. Correlation analysis confirmed a significant negative relationship between soil pH and MnH2O (r = –0.642), whereas MnM3 and MnAR showed weak relationships with pH. The results demonstrate that long-term fertilisation primarily affects labile Mn pools through soil acidification, while organic amendments contribute to stabilisation of potentially available Mn pools and greater soil pH stability.

Keywords: corn monoculture; long-term field experiment; soil amendments; soil Mn pools; soil pH

Received: May 7, 2026; Accepted: September 29, 2026; Prepublished online: October 12, 2026 

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