Soil and Water Research, 2010 (vol. 5), issue 2
Tracer experiments within composite soil column investigated by MRIOriginal Paper
Vladimíra JELÍNKOVÁ, Milena CÍSLEROVÁ, Andreas POHLMEIER, Dagmar van DUSSCHOTEN
Soil & Water Res., 2010, 5(2):39-48 | DOI: 10.17221/4/2009-SWR 
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique was used for the visualisation and interpretation of flow paths. A set of tracer-infiltration experiments was performed on soil columns filled with packed homogeneous sand and with a composite sand-soil system. The flow paths were visualised using a tracer-solution containing Ni(NO3)2 which is characterised by relaxation times different from that of the infiltrating water. The tracer pulse was added under hydraulic steady state conditions. Small disturbances in the tracer front were observed during the breakthrough in the case of a homogeneous sample. More pronounced effects were...
The real-time stochastic flow forecastOriginal Paper
Lucie BŘEZKOVÁ, Miloš STARÝ, Petr DOLEŽAL
Soil & Water Res., 2010, 5(2):49-57 | DOI: 10.17221/13/2009-SWR
In the Czech Republic, deterministic flow forecasts with the lead time of 48 hours, calculated by rainfall-runoff models for basins of a size of several hundreds to thousands square kilometers, are nowadays a common part of the operational hydrological service. The Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) issues daily the discharge forecast for more than one hundred river profiles. However, the causal rainfall is a random process more than a deterministic one, therefore the deterministic discharge forecast based on one precipitation prediction is a significant simplification of the reality. Since important decisions must be done during the floods,...
Influence of the degree of soil organic matter lability on the calcium carbonate equilibrium of soil waterOriginal Paper
Stanislav KUŽEL, Ladislav KOLÁŘ, Jiří GERGEL, Jiří PETERKA, Jana BOROVÁ-BATT
Soil & Water Res., 2010, 5(2):58-68 | DOI: 10.17221/18/2009-SWR
: In average samples of three sandy-loamy acid Cambisols from a South Bohemian area labile organic matters were determined by the permangate method modified by the dichromate method, and the rate constant of their biochemical oxidation was determined in hot water extracts of the samples. The need of liming was determined by means of 2 methods. In soil solutions of these samples, all values necessary to evaluate their calcium carbonate equilibriums were determined. The soil samples were enriched with 3% of dry matter of two organic materials, farmyard manure and meadow clover meal, and were incubated at 25°C for 180 days under wetting above 50% of their...
Laboratory assay of aluminium transport through intact soil sample under controlled conditionsOriginal Paper
Marek BATYSTA, Luboš BORŮVKA, Ondřej DRÁBEK, Václav TEJNECKÝ, Ondřej ŠEBEK
Soil & Water Res., 2010, 5(2):69-74 | DOI: 10.17221/38/2009-SWR
Aluminium (Al) mobilisation in the forest soils is a serious problem due to the soil acidification. The rate and magnitude of leaching of Al and other elements and compounds from soils can be examined by means of percolation experiments. Aluminium elutriation was studied under laboratory conditions using undisturbed samples of forest topsoil from the Paličník area in the Jizera Mountains (Czech Republic), which originated under two different vegetation covers: European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst). Ponding infiltration was performed using three subsequently applied solutions. KCl solution was...