Soil and Water Research, 2015 (vol. 10), issue 1
Sorption of heavy metals in organic horizons of acid forest soils at low added concentrationsOriginal Paper
Michaela VYTOPILOVÁ, Václav TEJNECKÝ, Luboš BORŮVKA, Ondřej DRÁBEK
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):1-9 | DOI: 10.17221/144/2014-SWR 
The individual adsorption/desorption of Cu, Pb, and Zn in six soil samples taken from organic horizons of acid forest soils is studied in batch experiments. These three metals were chosen because of the varying extent of their sorption to the soil organic matter. The initial concentration range for all metals is 0-200 mg/l. 0.01 mol/l Ca(NO3)2 was used as the background electrolyte. Soil samples were taken at random locations throughout a relatively small area and are characterized by small differences in mineralogical composition. Organic matter content and pH of soils are considered as the key factors causing differences in...
Modelling the impact of acid deposition on forest soils in North Bohemian Mountains with two dynamic models: the Very Simple Dynamic Model (VSD) and the Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments (MAGIC)Original Paper
Radim VAŠÁT, Lenka PAVLŮ, Luboš BORŮVKA, Václav TEJNECKÝ, Antonín NIKODEM
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):10-18 | DOI: 10.17221/76/2014-SWR
Enormous acid deposition that culminated in the 1970s contributed largely to accelerate the process of acidification of soils in northern Bohemia. As a consequence a wide forest decline occurred shortly afterwards. In this paper we present a long-term soil acidification modelling with two dynamic models (Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments and Very Simple Dynamic Model) to describe history, make successive prediction, and assess possibility of recovery of the ecosystem. Focused on eight soil acidification indicators we found a strong rise of the soil acidification status in 1970s, when emission load culminated, and a large decrease...
Soil pH changes in long-term field experiments with different fertilizing systemsOriginal Paper
Filip VAŠÁK, Jindřich ČERNÝ, Šárka BURÁŇOVÁ, Martin KULHÁNEK, Jiří BALÍK
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):19-23 | DOI: 10.17221/7/2014-SWR
The changes of soil pH in long-term 14-year field experiments with different fertilizing systems are described. The field experiments were located at four sites of the Czech Republic with different soil and climatic conditions (Červený Újezd, Hněvčeves, Lukavec, and Prague-Suchdol). At each site, the same fertilizing systems and crop rotation (potatoes - winter wheat - spring barley) were established. Six experimental treatments were applied to crop rotation: (1) unfertilized treatments (control); treatments with organic fertilization: (2) farmyard manure (FYM), (3) sewage sludge (SS); treatments with mineral fertilizers: (4) nitrogen (N), (5) nitrogen...
Computation method of the drainage retention capacity of soil layers with a subsurface pipe drainage systemOriginal Paper
Jitka PEŠKOVÁ, Jakub ŠTIBINGER
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):24-31 | DOI: 10.17221/119/2013-SWR
Methodological procedure for determining the drainage retention capacity (DRC) of surface layers under conditions of unsteady-state groundwater flow was demonstrated. DRC of the drainage system can be defined as a groundwater reservoir situated between the soil surface and the intermediate position of a parabola shaped water table above the drain level. Computation of DRC is based on analytical approximation of the subsurface total drainage discharge in unsteady-state groundwater conditions. DRC formula can serve as a simple tool for immediate estimation that requires only minimum amount of basic information (drainage design parameters, soil hydrology...
A study of the debris flow activity on the one-stepped channel slopeOriginal Paper
Sungduk KIM, Hojin LEE
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):32-39 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2013-SWR
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the behaviour and mechanism of debris flow on various slopes through numerical simulation. The numerical simulation was performed using the Finite Difference Element Method based on the equation of mass conservation and momentum conservation. In order to measure the behaviour of the debris flow, the debris flow of the straight rectangular channel slope and that of the one-stepped channel slope were compared. Firstly the water flow discharge, the water flow depth, and the sediment volume concentration at the slope downstream of the channel, depending on the different inflow water flow discharges at the upstream...
Changes in runoff regime. The Lomnice catchment case studyOriginal Paper
Tereza BAŽATOVÁ, Jana ŠIMKOVÁ
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):40-48 | DOI: 10.17221/35/2014-SWR
Water distribution in landscape is essentially influenced by the nature of the catchment rainfall-runoff process. Firstly, this paper presents an analysis of trends in the rainfall-runoff regime of the Lomnice river basin (South Bohemia, Czech Republic), using a single and double mass curve method. Secondly, the analysis of the rainfall-runoff regime is supplemented by an analysis of the evolution of temperature and snow conditions. Finally, a water balance analysis is performed for three selected years, using the Bilan hydrological model. The aim of the present paper was to find out (1) whether any changes have occurred in the trend of the rainfall-runoff...
Long-term improvement in surface water quality after land consolidation in a drinking water reservoir catchmentOriginal Paper
Miroslav DUMBROVSKÝ, Veronika SOBOTKOVÁ, Bořivoj ŠARAPATKA, Radka VÁCHALOVÁ, Renata PAVELKOVÁ CHMELOVÁ, Jan VÁCHAL
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):49-55 | DOI: 10.17221/108/2013-SWR
The aim was to explore how soil and water conservation measures, applied in the process of land consolidation, affected nutrient concentrations in surface waters of the Hubenov drinking water reservoir in the Českomoravská vrchovina Upland. A significant part of the catchment serves as a protection zone for the reservoir. The protection measures, such as restrictions on the maximum amount of manure and N and P fertilizers, were applied in the case study area according to recommendations of a land consolidation project. The Hubenov reservoir water resources were monitored for twenty years (1990-2010) in order to collect water quality data on nitrate...
Distribution of water loss via evapotranspiration in a pistachio tree orchard under drip irrigation and non-irrigation conditionsOriginal Paper
Selçuk ÖZMEN, Riza KANBER, Pasquale STEDUTO, Mustafa ÜNLÜ, Yusuf AYDIN, Kenan DIKER
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(1):56-63 | DOI: 10.17221/60/2014-SWR
The present study aimed to measure the distribution of water loss via evapotranspiration (ET) in a pistachio tree orchard under drip irrigation and non-irrigation conditions at the experimental orchard of the Pistachio Research Institute, Gaziantep, Turkey. The experimental design consisted of a 10 × 10 m2 grid system constructed of PVC pipes spaced 2 m apart (horizontally and vertically) that was placed around each tree for the drip irrigation condition (water applied every 7 days) and the non-irrigated condition. Moisture content was measured using the neutron scattering method for both treatments. Water loss via ET was estimated based...