Soil and Water Research, 2015 (vol. 10), issue 4
INDEX OF VOLUME 10
editors
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):I-II | DOI: 10.17221/8521-SWR 
The contribution of Czech Soil Science at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries to knowledge of soils: in memory of Professor Josef KopeckýEditorial
Bořivoj ŠARAPATKA
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):207-209 | DOI: 10.17221/162/2015-SWR
Impact of evapotranspiration on diurnal discharge fluctuation determined by the Fourier series model in dry periodsOriginal Paper
Pavel KOVÁŘ, Hana BAČINOVÁ
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):210-217 | DOI: 10.17221/122/2015-SWR
Precise measurements of discharges at the outlet of a small catchment, using high resolution sensing equipment, can currently be done without difficulty. In particular, measurements can take place even during dry periods, when high temperatures increase actual evapotranspiration on the catchment and diurnal streamflow fluctuation changes occur in a harmonic wave at any time of the day. Some 10-15 years ago, a current runoff measurement record based on a high resolution equipment clearly recognizing a diurnal wave-shape fluctuation could hardly be available. The measurement of discharge ordinates from the catchment, and from free water pan evaporation,...
Comparing different data preprocessing methods for monitoring soil heavy metals based on soil spectral featuresOriginal Paper
Asa Gholizadeh, Luboš Borůvka, Mohammad Mehdi Saberioon, Josef Kozák, Radim Vašát, Karel Němeček
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):218-227 | DOI: 10.17221/113/2015-SWR
The lands near mining industries in the Czech Republic are subjected to soil pollution with heavy metals. Excessive heavy metal concentrations in soils not only dramatically impact the soil quality, but also due to their persistent nature and indefinite biological half-lives, potentially toxic metals can accumulate in the food chain and can eventually endanger human health. Monitoring and spatial information of these elements require a large number of samples and cumbersome and time-consuming laboratory measurements. A faster method has been developed based on a multivariate calibration procedure using support vector machine regression (SVMR) with...
Effect of organic fertilizers on soil organic carbon and risk trace elements content in soil under permanent grasslandOriginal Paper
Hana KARABCOVÁ, Lubica POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Karel FIALA, Petr ŠKARPA, Marie BJELKOVÁ
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):228-235 | DOI: 10.17221/5/2015-SWR
The effect of different kinds of organic matter inputs on elemental composition, content, and quality of humic substances was studied on permanent grassland during 2008-2013. The experiment included two organic fertilizer types - compost and slurry, both with the range of stocking rates 0.9, 1.4, and 2.0 livestock units (LU)/ha (corresponding to 54, 84, and 120 kg N/ha, respectively), and control without any fertilizer. The soil was sandy-loam, of Cambisol type, with semi natural permanent grassland. Labile forms and total contents of selected trace elements (Co, Cu, Zn, Cd) and macroelements (Ca, Mg, K, P, and N) were measured. Soil organic matter...
Biosorption of Cr(VI) from natural groundwater and the effect of DOC-rich treated water on Cr dissolving from contaminated soilOriginal Paper
Hana ŠILLEROVÁ, Aleš VANĚK, Vladislav CHRASTNÝ, Michael KOMÁREK
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):236-243 | DOI: 10.17221/3/2015-SWR
Brewers draff and grape waste were used as efficient biosorbents for removing Cr(VI) from contaminated groundwater. Additionally, the interactions between the dissolved organic carbon-rich (DOC-rich) treated water and a soil contaminated with Cr(III) was further studied. The breakthrough curves obtained from column (dynamic) adsorption experiments showed higher adsorption efficiency of grape waste compared to brewers draff. The adsorption efficiency was 36.8-40.4% for brewers draff and 56.6-68.3% for grape waste, depending on the initial pH. The detected saturation time was approximately three times higher than in our previous study, where a model...
Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged)Original Paper
László HALMOS, Gábor BOZSÓ, Elemér PÁL-MOLNÁR
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):244-251 | DOI: 10.17221/165/2014-SWR
Adsorption properties of Cu, Ni, and Zn in alkaline sediments of Lake Fehér at Szeged (Hungary) were investigated. The effects of pollution of these three chosen phytotoxic elements in sodic sediments were primarily examined. These elements are strongly adsorbed in the soils and sediments with relatively high pH values for a long time without any influence on the geochemical processes. However, the salinization (indicated by the global climate change) of soils and sediments can strongly change the original geochemical status. For the adsorption experiments, the horizons with the highest organic matter contents were selected from two profiles. The pH,...
Development of soil consumption driven by urbanization and pattern of built-up areas in Prague periphery since the 19th centuryOriginal Paper
Jan Stachura, Tomáš Chuman, Luděk Šefrna
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):252-261 | DOI: 10.17221/204/2014-SWR
Soil consumption has become a very rapid and intensive process in many European countries, especially around large cities and important highways. The Prague periphery is not an exception. This paper analyses the extent and quality of consumed agricultural land and pattern of built-up areas in selected 22 cadastres in Prague periphery, by using historical maps and orthophotomaps, over four time horizons since the 19th century till 2010. The results show an extensive soil consumption. The average extent of built-up area increased from less than 1% to more than 13% per cadastre. This extensive development caused consumption of high quality...
A green roof segment for monitoring the hydrological and thermal behaviour of anthropogenic soil systemsOriginal Paper
Vladimíra JELÍNKOVÁ, Michal DOHNAL, Tomáš PICEK
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):262-270 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2015-SWR
Green roofs and similar anthropogenic soil-plant systems in conurbations have a high relevance for society, especially in a changing climate. Understanding the hydrological performance of green roof substrates is a significant task in the framework of sustainable urban planning and water/energy management in urban areas. Potential retention and detention capabilities of anthropogenic, light weight, highly permeable soil systems and their continued performance over time are of major importance. A green roof test segment was designed to investigate the benefits of such anthropogenic systems. This adaptable low-cost system allows for long-term monitoring...
Already a short-term soils exposure to the field-rate glufosinate concentration significantly influences soil bacterial communitiesOriginal Paper
Anna KOPČÁKOVÁ, Jaroslav LEGÁTH, Peter PRISTAŠ, Peter JAVORSKÝ
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):271-277 | DOI: 10.17221/185/2014-SWR
The early impact of glufosinate derived herbicide Basta® 15 on bacterial communities of two different soils never exposed to this herbicide was investigated using cultivation approach and non-cultivation based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of amplified 16S rRNA genes. Under the simulated laboratory conditions glufosinate treatment increased numbers of total cultivable heterotrophic bacteria in both tested soils. Surprisingly even the lowest glufosinate concentration (1 mmol) significantly affected bacterial community composition in both tested soils and original populations were replaced by new ones upon the...
Operating characteristics of a bladeless turbine for irrigation purposesOriginal Paper
Martin POLÁK, Lukáš DLABAL
Soil & Water Res., 2015, 10(4):278-283 | DOI: 10.17221/28/2015-SWR
Irrigation and pumping systems are still important issues in agriculture. There are many places on the Earth where water needs to be pumped, however no energy sources are available to power the pumps. The bladeless turbine offers a possible solution. This machine can utilize even low-potential sources of water-borne energy working as autonomous energy sources. The turbine has been developed only recently and therefore no comprehensive operating characteristics has existed as yet. The article summarizes the results of experimental measurements carried out on the SETUR DVE 120, a commercially available bladeless turbine sold in a monoblock together with...