Soil and Water Research, 2017 (vol. 12), issue 2
Comparison of different approaches to LS factor calculations based on a measured soil loss under simulated rainfall.Original Paper
Michaela Hrabalíková, Miloslav Janeček
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):69-77 | DOI: 10.17221/222/2015-SWR 
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in combination with soil loss models can enhance evaluation of soil erosion estimation. SAGA and ARC/INFO geographic information systems were used to estimate the topographic (LS) factor of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) that in turn was used to calculate the soil erosion on a long-term experimental plot near Prague in the Czech Republic. To determine the influence of a chosen algorithm on the soil erosion estimates a digital elevation model with high accuracy (1 × 1 m) and a measured soil loss under simulated rainfall were used. These then provided input for five GIS-based and two manual procedures of...
Effect of temperature and soil pH on the sorption of ibuprofen in agricultural soilOriginal Paper
Edgar HILLER, Martin ŠEBESTA
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):78-85 | DOI: 10.17221/6/2016-SWR
Besides many natural factors, soil pH and temperature can have significant effects on the sorption of pharmaceuticals in soils. This is the first study, which aimed to evaluate the effect of soil pH and temperature on the sorption of ibuprofen in soil. Sorption-desorption experiments at 20°C indicated weak retention of ibuprofen in the soil. Sorption of ibuprofen in the soil was affected by both temperature and pH with the latter showing much greater effect. The extent of ibuprofen sorption increased with decreasing pH mainly due to the change of ibuprofen speciation from negatively charged ions at high pH to the neutral form at low pH. At pH 4, the...
Distribution and accumulation of heavy metals in sediments of the northern part of mangrove in Hara Biosphere Reserve, Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf)Original Paper
Rezvan ZAREZADEH, Peyman REZAEE, Razyeh LAK, Mehdi MASOODI, Mansoor GHORBANI
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):86-95 | DOI: 10.17221/16/2016-SWR
The mangrove of Hara Biosphere Reserve, stretching over 100 thousand hectares in the southern coast of Iran and in the northwest of Qeshm Island, belongs to the most important and largest mangroves in the Middle East. Twenty sedimentary samples were collected and concentrations of seven heavy metals were investigated in order to assess the extent of pollution distribution in this area and to discuss the origin of these contaminants in sediments. The mean heavy metal concentrations followed the scheme: Fe > Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Based on the geo-accumulation index, the Fe, Pb, Zn, and Cu levels were graded as non-contamination,...
Evaluation of field performance of BEST aeolian sediment catcher in sandy-loam soil of arid zone of TurkeyOriginal Paper
Mustafa BAŞARAN, Oguzhan UZUN, Gunay ERPUL
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):96-105 | DOI: 10.17221/55/2016-SWR
Field measurement of wind erosion is still a great challenge for researchers. In this study, field performance of a newly designed sediment trap BEST (Basaran and Erpul Sediment Trap) was evaluated for the first time and compared with the commonly used Modified Wilson and Cook (MWAC) traps. Experiments were carried out at the Karapinar Research Station of Konya Soil and Water Resources Institute over the 50 × 50 m tilled sandy loam plot. Three wind erosion events occurred during the experiments. A small amount of sediment was trapped by the MWAC traps only at 0.20 m in all three events, and there were not sufficient sediment measurements at the catch...
Splash erosion in maize crops under conservation management in combination with shallow strip-tillage before sowingOriginal Paper
Václav BRANT, Milan KROULÍK, Jan PIVEC, Petr ZÁBRANSKÝ, Josef HAKL, Josef HOLEC, Zdeněk KVÍZ, Luděk PROCHÁZKA
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):106-116 | DOI: 10.17221/147/2015-SWR
Soil under maize cropping is among the most endangered by erosion. The effect of conservation tillage management on values of splash erosion when using shallow strip tillage before sowing maize was evaluated in the Central Bohemian region (Czech Republic) during the period 2010-2012. The following types of tillage management using conventional technology and shallow tillage were evaluated: ploughed plots with mulch formed by weed biomass (PLW), ploughed plots with mulch from perennial ryegrass plants (PLPR), ploughed plots without mulch (PL) and shallow tillage (ST) where the mulch was formed by cereals straw. Furthermore, values...
Evaluation of discrepancies in spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity in the Czech Republic caused by different approaches using GIS and geostatistical toolsOriginal Paper
Jiří BRYCHTA, Miloslav JANEČEK
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):117-127 | DOI: 10.17221/176/2015-SWR
The study presents all approaches of rainfall erosivity factor (R) computation and estimation used in the Czech Republic (CR). A lot of distortions stem from the difference in erosive rainfall criteria, time period, tipping rain gauges errors, low temporal resolution of rainfall data, the type of interpolation method, and inappropriate covariates. Differences in resulting R values and their spatial distribution caused by the described approaches were analyzed using the geostatistical method of Empirical Bayesian Kriging and the tools of the geographic information system (GIS). Similarity with the highest temporal resolution approach using...
Effect of windbreaks on wind speed reduction and soil protection against wind erosionOriginal Paper
David ŘEHÁČEK, Tomáš KHEL, Josef KUČERA, Jan VOPRAVIL, Martin PETERA
Soil & Water Res., 2017, 12(2):128-135 | DOI: 10.17221/45/2016-SWR
Windbreaks form efficient soil protection against wind erosion particularly at the time when soil cover is not protected by the cultivated plant vegetation cover. The objective of this research was to evaluate windbreaks efficiency in terms of wind speed reduction. Wind speed along the windbreaks was measured in the cadastral areas of Dobrovíz and Středokluky (Czech Republic, Central Europe). The measurement was carried out by 4 stations placed at windward side (1 station at the distance of 3 times the height of the windbreak) and at leeward side of the windbreak (3 stations at the distance of 3, 6, and 9 times the height of the windbreak). Each station...